Tsitsani mtundu: Okutobala 2023 (PDF)
Upangiri uwu ndi wa anthu omwe akuchita zochitika zokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha anthu (ntchito kapena maphunziro ndi zina) pogwiritsa ntchito Swiftwater Breathing Apparatus (SWBA).
Zowonjezera amatanthauza zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira kusambira monga zipsepse, chigoba, zothandizira zoyandama.
Zodzaza Zovomerezeka kutanthauza munthu amene akwaniritsa zofunikira za m'deralo kuti azitchajanso silinda ya gasi (monga SWBA).
Mlangizi wovomerezeka kutanthauza munthu amene akukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zafotokozedwa muupangiri uwu ngati Mlangizi wa SWBA.
Munthu waluso ndi munthu yemwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira za oyang'anira kuti ayese zowoneka ndi hydrostatic zamasilinda a gasi.
Silinda amatanthauza aluminiyamu kapena silinda ya gasi yokulungidwa yosapitirira 450 ml (voliyumu yamadzi) yogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la mtundu wovomerezeka wa SWBA.
Njira Yopumira amatanthauza chinthu cha SWBA monga chafotokozedwera mu Annex A.
Malangizo amatanthauza malangizowa (PSI Global Good Practice Guide - Swiftwater Breathing Apparatus).
Woyendetsa munthu amene ali ndi certification yogwiritsa ntchito SWBA motsatira malangizowa kapena munthu wina wophunzitsidwa kuti alandire ziphaso zotere moyang'aniridwa ndi Mlangizi Wovomerezeka.
Katswiri wa Utumiki amatanthauza munthu amene waloledwa ndi wopanga kukonza SWBA.
Swiftwater Breathing Apparatus (SWBA) amatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito njira yopumira mwadzidzidzi panthawi ya madzi osefukira ndi madzi osefukira kuti apereke chitetezo ku kupuma kwa madzi, pomwe akukhalabe pamtunda, popanda cholinga chodumphira pansi.
ADAS Australia Diver Accreditation Scheme
CMAS Confederation Mondiale des Activites Subaquatiques
DAN Diver Alert Network
DEFRA Dipatimenti ya Zachilengedwe, Chakudya ndi Zakumidzi (UK)
EBS Emergency Breathing System
GPG Upangiri Wabwino Woyeserera
Mtengo IPSQA International Public Safety Qualifications Authority
ISO International Standards Organisation
NAUI National Association of Underwater Instructor
NFPA National Fire Protection Association
Padi Professional Association of Dive Instructors
PFD Chipangizo Choyandama Pawekha
PSI Public Safety Institute
SCBA Chida Chodzipumira Chokha (Njira Yotsekedwa)
SCUBA Chida Chodzipangira Pansi pa Madzi Opumira
SSI Sukulu za SCUBA International
SWBA Swiftwater Breathing Apparatus
UHMS Undersea & Hyperbaric Medical Society
Mtengo WRSTC World Recreational Scuba Training Council
1.5.1 PSI Global ivomereza kuti Buku Lamachitidwe Abwinoli lasinthidwa kuchokera ku Upangiri Wabwino Woyeserera wa WorkSafe New Zealand pakuthawira pansi.
1.5.2 Monga gawo la chilolezo cha Creative Commons chokhazikitsidwa ndi WorkSafe New Zealand pa malangizo awo, PSI Global Good Practice Guideline for SWBA ndi chikalata chotsegula.
1.5.3 Upangiri Wabwino uwu uli ndi chilolezo pansi pa chilolezo cha Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 3.0 NZ.
2.1.1 Ogwira ntchito kapena kuthandizira ntchito za SWBA ayenera kuphunzitsidwa ndi malangizowa.
2.1.2 Oyendetsa sayenera kutchulidwa ngati osiyanasiyana pokhapokha ngati akufuna kuthawa ndikugwira ntchito kunja kwa ndondomekoyi.
2.2.1 Othandizira ayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu, kulimbitsa thupi ndi thanzi labwino kuti athe kuchita ntchito za SWBA motetezeka.
2.2.2 Pang'ono pomwe ayenera kukhala omasuka:
2.2.3 Ogwira ntchito akuyeneranso kukhala ndi chilolezo chachipatala ndikukhalabe ndi chilolezo chachipatala chopita kumalo osambira achipatala kapena apamwamba (CMAS, DAN, RSTC, UHMS).
2.2.4 Oyendetsa ntchito ndi Mlangizi Wovomerezeka akugwira ntchito za SWBA sayenera kusokonezedwa ndi kutopa, mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa.
2.3.1 Oyendetsa ntchito akuyenera kukhala ndi chiphaso chovomerezeka cha dive chomwe chimakwaniritsa ISO 24801-1 (diver yoyang'aniridwa) kapena apamwamba (monga satifiketi yankhondo kapena yamalonda).
2.3.2 Ogwira ntchito akuyenera kukhala ndi chiphaso chovomerezeka cha akatswiri opulumutsa madzi osefukira (monga , IPSQA, PSI Global, Rescue 3, DEFRA, PUASAR002, NFPA etc.)
2.3.3 Ogwira ntchito akuyenera kulemba mafunso azachipatala osambira ndikukapereka kwa mlangizi wovomerezeka asanayambe maphunziro. Maphunziro othandiza sayenera kuchitidwa ngati wogwiritsa ntchitoyo akulephera kufunsa funso lililonse loyamba, pokhapokha ngati chilolezo chachipatala chikuperekedwa ndi dokotala kapena dokotala.
2.3.4 SWBA certification and recertification training iyenera kukhala ndi:
2.3.5 Kusamalira chiphaso cha SWBA (2.3.4) kuyenera kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chikalata chotsimikizika cha nthawi yeniyeni (ie code QR yapaintaneti).
2.3.6 Ogwiritsa ntchito saloledwa ku Ndime 2.3.1 mpaka 2.3.5 pomwe amakhala ndi certification ya micro-credential molingana ndi IPSQA Standard 5002 (Swiftwater Breathing Apparatus Operator) popeza chiphasochi chikuposa zofunikira zotere.
2.3.7 Ogwira ntchito ayenera kuyang'ana luso la pachaka kuti awonetsetse kuti akugwira bwino ntchito pakati pa kutsimikiziranso.
2.3.8 Alangizi Ovomerezeka ayenera kukhala ndi izi:
2.4.1.1 Zida za SWBA ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi kuyeretsedwa zikagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito kuti apewe matenda. Mayankho angaphatikizepo:
2.4.1.2 Zipangizo za SWBA zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zachilengedwe zamadzi ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi kuyeretsedwa motsatira malamulo am'deralo (ngati alipo) kupewa kufalikira kwa zoopsa zachitetezo chachilengedwe (monga didymo)
2.4.2.1 Zipangizo za SWBA ziyenera kusungidwa pamalo otetezeka, aukhondo, owuma komanso ozizira.
2.4.2.2 Kusungirako zida za SWBA kumalo otentha komanso padzuwa lachindunji kuyenera kupewedwa chifukwa kungayambitse kukula kwa mpweya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti disk iphulika.
2.4.3.1 Masilinda a SWBA ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi munthu waluso, osachepera zaka ziwiri zilizonse.
2.4.3.2 Masilinda a SWBA akuyenera kuyezetsa magazi ndi munthu waluso, osachepera zaka zisanu zilizonse.
2.4.3.3 Masilinda a SWBA akuyenera kukhala ndi masiku awo owunikira komanso masiku a satifiketi ya hydrostatic yolembedwa kunja kwawo.
2.4.3.4 Zoyikira za SWBA (zowongolera, payipi, zoyezera) ziyenera kutumizidwa chaka chilichonse kapena malinga ndi malangizo a opanga ndi katswiri wantchito.
2.4.3.5 Kuchajitsanso masilinda a SWBA kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi chodzaza chovomerezeka pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wopumira (wosawonjezera) womwe umakwaniritsa mpweya wabwino podumphira.
2.4.3.5.1 Ubwino wa mpweya uyenera kuyesedwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti uwonetsetse kuti sunaipitsidwe.
2.4.3.5.2 Masilinda a SWBA aziyimitsidwa (100%) asanaikidwe kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito.
2.4.3.6 Kumene ma silinda a SWBA akuyenera kusungidwa opanda chaji, asungidwe ndi mphamvu yamwadzina (pafupifupi 30 bar) kuti asalowe chinyezi ndi zowononga zina.
2.4.3.7 Ngati disk yaphulika, iyenera kusinthidwa ndipo SWBA iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri wa ntchito.
2.4.3.8 Silinda ya SWBA iyenera kulembedwa motsatira Annex A.
2.4.3.9 Masilinda a SWBA azidzazidwanso ndi mpweya wabwino miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse.
2.4.3.10 Zolemba zakukonza, kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi kuyezetsa ziyenera kusungidwa molingana ndi malamulo akumaloko.
2.4.3.11 Kusintha kwa zida zovomerezeka zamtundu wina (mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezera mavavu, zolowa m'malo ndi zina) ziyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi wopanga.
2.4.3.12 Kevlar kapena mapaipi otetezedwa odulidwa ofananirako sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa izi zimachepetsa kuthekera kodula ngati kukodwa mwadzidzidzi.
2.4.4.1 Masks ndi zoyankhulirana zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi SWBA ziyenera kuikidwa ndikuyesedwa.
2.5.1 Dongosolo loyang'anira zoopsa kapena chitetezo liyenera kupangidwa ndi bungwe lomwe limayang'anira zochitika za SWBA ndikudziwitsa anthu omwe akhudzidwa nazo.
2.5.2 Dongosolo loyang'anira zoopsa liyenera kuphatikiza kuzindikira zoopsa, kuwongolera ngozi, njira zogwirira ntchito, njira zoyendetsera ngozi komanso kuvomerezedwa ndi bungwe.
2.5.2.1 Njira zogwirira ntchito zanthawi zonse ziyenera kuphatikizapo:
* Monga momwe wogwiritsa ntchito alibe cholinga chodumphira koma amakakamizidwa pansi pamadzi mozama zomwe zimafuna kuti wogwiritsa ntchito agwiritse ntchito SWBA (ie waterfall hydraulic)
2.5.2.2. Njira zogwirira ntchito zadzidzidzi ziyenera kuphatikizapo:
2.5.3 Dongosolo loyang'anira zoopsa liyenera kuwunikiridwa mosachepera chaka chilichonse.
2.6.1 Malo okwanira opereka chithandizo choyamba ndi othandizira oyamba ophunzitsidwa bwino ayenera kupezeka pogwira ntchito za SWBA.
2.6.2 Othandizira oyamba ayenera kukhala oyenerera:
2.6.3 Othandizira oyamba ayenera kukonzanso maphunziro awo malinga ndi zofunikira za m'deralo, koma osachepera zaka zitatu zilizonse.
2.6.4 Ntchito za SWBA ziyenera kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza mpweya pamalopo ndi Automatic External Defibrillator.
2.7.1 Kuphonya pafupi, zochitika zovulaza kapena zowonongeka, kuvulala, matenda ndi imfa ziyenera kulembedwa ndi kufotokozedwa motsatira malamulo a m'deralo.
2.7.2 Aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito SWBA kapena woyang'anira wake ayenera kunena zachitetezo cha SWBA ndi zomwe zachitika posachedwa mkati mwa masiku 7 pogwiritsa ntchito Fomu yofotokozera zochitika za PSI SWBA.
3.1.1. Zochita za SWBA siziyenera kuchitidwa ndi cholinga chosambira. Ngati pali cholinga, chitetezo cha anthu kapena njira zodumphira pansi pazamalonda ziyenera kutsatiridwa.
3.1.2 Zochita za SWBA ziyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira ndipo palibe njira yolemetsa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
3.1.3 SWBA ikhoza kuperekedwa kwa wozunzidwa yemwe akukumana ndi vuto ladzidzidzi, pokhapokha ngati kuchitapo kanthu sikusokoneza chitetezo cha opulumutsa.
3.2.1 Kuphatikiza pa ntchito zanthawi zonse za kusefukira kwa madzi osefukira ndi malo, ntchito za SWBA ziyenera kukhala ndi maudindo otsatirawa pamalopo:
3.2.2. Woyang'anira zachitetezo ayenera kusankhidwa ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, munthuyu akwaniritse zofunikira za certification ya SWBA.
3.2.3 Woyang'anira Pulayimale, Woyendetsa Sekondale, Woyang'anira ndi Woyang'anira ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za certification ya SWBA.
3.3.1 Chidziwitso chiyenera kuperekedwa musanayambe ntchito za SWBA ndi woyang'anira. Iyenera kuphatikizapo:
3.3.2 Chidulechi chitha kukhalanso ndi zina zowonjezera monga:
3.4.1 Oyendetsa adzakhala ndi zida ndikukhala ndi osachepera:
3.4.2 Oyendetsa atha kukhala ndi zida zina kuphatikiza, koma osati ku:
3.5.1 Zochita za SWBA pansi pa chitsogozochi sizigwiritsidwa ntchito pamikhalidwe iyi:
3.6.1 Chidulechi chidzaphatikizapo zizindikiro zoyankhulirana pakati pa wogwiritsa ntchito ndi wothandizira:
3.6.2 Chidulechi chikhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zovomerezeka za SWBA monga momwe zilili m'munsimu.
| Chizindikiro Chamanja | wenzulo | |
|---|---|---|
| Muli bwino? | Dzanja lathyathyathya pamutu | |
| Ndili bwino | Dzanja lathyathyathya pamutu poyankha | |
| Chinachake chalakwika | Dzanja lathyathyathya lopendekeka | |
| Ndilibe mpweya | Chibakera kutsogolo kwa chisoti | N / A |
| Ndilibe mpweya | Mulingo wa dzanja lotsetsereka mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo kudutsa kutsogolo kwa chisoti | N / A |
| Thandizeni | Dzanja lotambasulidwa pamwamba pa kugwedezeka | Kupitirira |
| Kumbukirani Opaleshoni | Kuzunguliza chala (eddy kunja) kenako kuloza njira yotulukira yotetezeka | |
| Imani/Chenjerani | Dzanja lotambasulidwa kutsogolo pamwamba pa madzi ndi kanjedza | Kuphulika kumodzi kochepa |
| Up | Kuphulika kuwiri kwakufupi | |
| Down | Kuphulika katatu kwakufupi | |
| Chingwe Chaulere / Kumasulidwa | Mulingo wamanja umayenda mozungulira mokulira kumbuyo/kutsogolo pamwamba pa madzi | Kuphulika kunayi kwakufupi |
Lembani EBS Yovomerezeka pazochitika za SWBA:
Mtundu Wovomerezeka Wokwera:
Zida Zoyankhidwa Zowonjezeredwa ndi Mtundu
PSI Global: Kuwunika Maluso - SWBA e-form
Author: Steve Glassey
tsiku: 22 November 2023
Kuti mumve zambiri za PSI Global: Upangiri Wabwino Woyeserera - Swiftwater Breathing Apparatus kapena kuti mudziwe zambiri za opareshoni ndi maphunziro ovomerezeka a aphunzitsi, chonde titumizireni.
Bukuli limapereka malangizo ena onse. Sizingatheke kuti PSI Global ithane ndi vuto lililonse lomwe lingachitike pamalo aliwonse antchito. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kuganizira za malangizowa komanso momwe mungawagwiritsire ntchito pazochitika zanu.
PSI Global imayang'anira ndikuwunikanso malangizowa kuti atsimikizire kuti ndiaposachedwa. Ngati mukuwerenga buku losindikizidwa kapena la PDF lachitsogozochi, chonde onani tsambali kuti mutsimikizire kuti buku lanu ndilomwe lilipo.
22 Novembara 2023: Anawonjezedwa PUASAR002 Wophunzitsa/Woyesa ngati wofunikira wofanana ndi mphunzitsi (2.3.8)
12 Januware 2024: Onjezani zitsanzo zowumitsa (2.4.1), kuyika chigoba kuwonjezeredwa (2.4.4.1), kugwiritsa ntchito ozunzidwa (3.1.3).
26 Januware 2024: Zofunikira zatsopano zofotokozera zochitika zomwe zidawonjezedwa kuphatikiza ulalo wa lipoti la zochitika za PSI/DAN (2.7.2)
23 February 2024: Shears amakonda, palibe makonda pokhapokha atavomerezedwa, palibe ma hoses a Kevlar, kuvomereza kwamtundu kusinthidwa.
